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This is a possible source of the name of P. The swarming ability, connected with a change of short swimmer cells into long, poli-nucleous and hyper-flagellated swarmer cells, is especially visible in the second species. Hauser described two species of the genus: Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis. The name Proteus came from Homer’s “Odyssey” and its character Proteus, who could change his shape and had an ability of endless transformation. Microorganisms belonging to the genus Proteus were first described in 1885 by a German microbiologist Gustav Hauser, who had revealed their ability to swarm on solid surfaces. abilities to tolerate or utilize polluting compounds as well as promote plant growth provide a possibility of employing these microorganisms in bioremediation and environmental protection. These rods acquire various metabolic abilities allowing their adaptation to different environmental conditions, such as high concentrations of heavy metals or toxic substances, which may be exploited as sources of energy and nutrition by the bacteria. Positive aspects of the bacteria presence in water and soil are connected with exceptional features displayed by autochthonic Proteus spp. The health risk may also be connected with drug-resistant strains sourcing from intestines. bacteria present in soil or water habitats are often regarded as indicators of fecal pollution, posing a threat of poisoning when the contaminated water or seafood is consumed. However, interesting examples of their symbiotic relationships with higher organisms have also been described. bacteria, which are commonly known to play a role of parasites or commensals. Many wild and domestic animals may be hosts of Proteus spp. It is postulated that intestines are a reservoir of these proteolytic organisms. The bacteria are known to be human opportunistic pathogens, isolated from urine, wounds, and other clinical sources. Currently, the genus is divided into Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus penneri, Proteus hauseri, and three unnamed genomospecies 4, 5, and 6 and consists of 80 O-antigenic serogroups. bacteria were first described in 1885 by Gustav Hauser, who had revealed their feature of intensive swarming growth.